All About Jerry

每年初秋，各医院皮肤科因手脱皮来就医的患者就会增加。昨天北京朝阳医院程医生告诉记者，受夏末秋初季节交替、气候干燥等因素影响，人们的手掌易脱皮。一般手部脱皮有四种类型，患者可根据手部症状判断自己属哪种类型，在日常生活中进行简单治疗。

类型一：剥落脱皮

症状：双手表面脱白皮， 没有瘙痒、炎症。
治疗：1.医生指出，这是在初秋最常见、最易发生的手角质层剥脱症状。虽有碍外观，但一般不需要治疗，只要避免接触肥皂、洗手液等刺激性化学用品，2－3周后可自愈。
2.可配合口服药治疗：用中药苍参、黄柏、苍术各30克浸泡，涂抹于手掌，同时服用维生素C。

类型二：干燥性皮炎
症状：双手脱白皮，手指有裂口。
治疗：1.秋初干燥性脱皮最常见于中青年女性，与经常用香皂洗手有关。应减少洗手次数，避免用碱性的香皂、洗手液，洗衣服时尽量戴手套。
2.到医院或药店买肤康洁等杀菌性洗液外擦。

类型三：手癣
症状：先一只手出现脱皮现象，随后发展到双手。手掌出现红斑、炎症，瘙痒明显，而且患手癣的患者大多同时患脚癣。
治疗：因为手癣可传染，所以需要到医院早诊早治，坚持涂抹医生开具的专用药膏。

类型四：汗疱疹

症状：双手同时长红色水疱，有剧烈瘙痒的感觉。
治疗：和手爱出汗、敏感体质有关，需要在医生指导下外涂、口服药物。

其发病主要是由血虚血燥、皮肤失养、燥热生风所致，治宜养血润燥、疏风止痒。双手脱皮的常见原因有真菌感染引起的手癣；化学损伤引起的接触性皮炎；先天遗传因素引起的剥脱性角质松解症

【治疗方法】手掌脱皮有季节性，可有自愈倾向，一般不需要特殊治疗。对比较严重或反复发作者，西医药多采用镇静剂、抗组织胺类药物以及抗胆碱类药物治疗。

1、 水疱阶段应以收敛、止痒为主，可用中药肤康洁涂液外搽，也可用10％明矾溶液浸泡。

2、脱皮阶段以外用药保护新生长的表皮，可以肤康洁软膏外涂。

3、皮肤干燥角质增厚有小裂口的患者，可采用保湿防裂的“肤康美软膏”外搽。另外要注意不要去撕脱尚未完全剥离的角质层，以免引起疼痛或流血。
4、较严重或反复发作者，可服用六味地黄丸或六味地黄汤加减：熟地20克、山药15克、山茱萸10克、丹皮10克、泽泻10克、茯苓15克。防风15克、蒺藜30克，将上方加水后煎煮服用。一般情况下3-5剂即可见效。

5、维生素C注射液搽涂患处，每日2次，3天一个疗程。对皮损的恢复有较好的效果。方法：先将手洗干净，待稍干后，用维生素C注射液倒人手掌内，然后双掌将药液擦匀，待药液干后发白时洗掉。每日2次，每次2毫升。疗效：有报告用维生素C治疗手脱皮患者，轻者1次显效，重者3次显效，数日可愈。
6、患者还应保持乐观情绪，避免精神紧张及情绪激动，尽量少接触碱性洗涤剂。可防止该症的发生。
7、生姜切碎放白酒内泡24小时后涂在患处，每天1—2次，疗效十分显著。
8.鲜韭菜汁加红白糖适量每日服一次连服4次有效。
手脱皮症状季节性手脱皮是一种常见现象，大多数人（男性居多）发生在春－夏及夏－秋季节变化时，先是有灼热、刺痛，继而出现红色小斑点，再变成针头大白点，而后变为空疱状角质剥离，逐渐向四周扩大，不断剥脱薄纸样膦屑，皮损互相融合，再加上人为的撕扯，角质层－层层剥脱，发展较快通常累及整个手掌，局部无炎症变化。平素出汗较多，当脱皮时出汗反而减少，有些人过二、三个月恢复正常。家庭主妇用洗衣粉，也会脱皮、干裂并增加感染机会。正因如此，许多人忽略了治疗，但每年到某个季节就容易复发，且有逐年加重趋势，脱皮面积不断增大，并向深层扩展，最终露出鲜嫩肉色，出现伤口，极易造成感染。该病非真菌引起，故用抗真菌药无效。手脱皮症状特点：1、双手对称性 2、无炎症、非真菌造成（真菌检查呈阴性）颐和堂公司研制的“手气好”手脱皮修复霜，对季节性手脱皮、干裂有很好的预防和修复作用。它采用表皮修复因子、VE、VA及天然植物提取物等多种成份，通过表皮修复、营养滋润、深层调节三重作用，增加毛细血管致密性，降低其脆性，提高皮肤组织的防御能力，促进伤口愈合，对季节性手脱皮有很好的修复作用。使用本品可保持皮肤滋润、柔软、避免手脱皮的发生。

我曾经去过医院专门看皮肤科，你最好也有专业医生诊断一下。医生给的外用药一定要按时敷！即使效果缓慢也不要停用。手要保持干净，尽量少沾水，即使洗手最好用热水。多吃富含维生素的蔬菜，生吃最好，因为生吃的水果最新鲜，营养流失最少。可以吃点维生素B2的药片作辅助。即使手上蜕皮的部位逐渐愈合，也要按时涂抹药膏，完全愈合后，为了避免反复发作（我以前就是冬天发病，春天好），要注意保养，每天洗手后涂抹护手霜也可以用维生素E丸擦在手上，一边抹一边按摩，每周几次晚上睡觉可以戴全棉白手套，这样手会越来越嫩。

 1.什么是“卡拉OK”

“卡拉OK”一词是日语的音译，它是日语“Kara”（空）和英语“ ORCHESTRA”（管弦乐队）的临时组合，意思是“无人伴奏乐队”，也有人称它为“歌唱伴奏机 ”，台湾同胞将它音译为“卡拉OK”。是一种现代的综合性娱乐形式。
“卡拉OK”是一种伴奏系统，演唱者可以在预先录制的音乐伴奏下参与歌唱。“卡拉OK”能通过声音处理使演唱者的声音得到美化与润饰，当再与音乐伴奏有机结合时，就变成了浑然一体的立体声歌曲。这种伴奏方式，给歌唱爱好者们带来了极大的方便和愉悦。

2.话筒的使用

话筒是“卡拉OK”的传声媒介，更是通俗唱法必不可少的传声手段。话筒的使用，对通俗唱法演唱者显得尤为重要。话筒可以扩大音量、放大优点，也可以破坏音色而暴露弱点。通俗唱法中有经验的歌手，不仅会运用话筒来扩送声音，还会运用话筒来表达感情，体现声音运用技巧。话筒的使用要注意以下几点：

其一，关于音量。音量的大小控制是话筒使用的关键。一般来说音量要略微控制一些，即演唱者比平时不用话筒时演唱要音量小一些。这种控制的音量要保持高、中、低三个声区的和谐统一，因为伴奏音乐始终调在一个音量强度上，如果三个声区的音量不统一，便会在高音或低音出现或强或弱的声音效果，就影响了歌曲的完整性。有的演唱者或高音较差，或低音较弱，亦可根据自己的情况，运用话筒离嘴的远近来进行调节。这种调节还要视音响的灵敏度而定。另外，气声唱法的歌曲，必须将话筒靠近嘴边，以便更能表现这种唱法的特色。

其二，关于呼吸。呼吸在话筒上的体现是十分灵敏的。尤其是对于灵敏度高的话筒，轻轻的呼吸通过话筒便发出较大的声响。通俗唱法的歌曲中，有的歌曲需要有明显的换气声，以帮助表达歌中的情绪，有的更是用气声为主的用嗓方法来演唱的。这类歌曲，呼吸不仅仅是换气，而是歌唱情感表现的一部分。大部分歌曲，则都需用轻吸气的方法来换气，以免换气声大而破坏歌曲的流畅和谐，影响观众的欣赏情绪。

其三，关于咬字吐字。由于话筒的灵敏度，咬字过重便会发出“砰砰砰”的噪声，尤其是“喷口”较重的字，如“背”“怕”“把”等字，字头过重就会产生这种噪音。这个问题的解决可以多拿话筒进行练习，找到一个准确的角度及话筒与嘴唇的距离。一般是话筒与身体成45°角，这种姿态也比较随意和自然。拿得太高手臂发僵，甚至挡住鼻子和脸部，拿太低声音和咬字传不出去，且拘谨。

3.伴奏带的选择

随着科学技术的发达，“卡拉OK”伴奏带的品种和形式也日趋多样。一般常用的伴奏带有以下四种：

第一种是“卡拉OK”录音带。这里又分几类：一类是最常用也是最早为我国歌迷熟悉和采用的一种游戏带，它采用两轨双声道制成，一声道为伴奏音乐，另一声道为人声演唱，立体声效果比较好，是演唱会和比赛中常用的一种伴奏形式。它携带方便，适用于普通卡座式录音机。还有一类是音声多重盒式卡带，即采用四声轨制成，两轨为立体声卡拉OK伴奏曲，另两轨为有人声演唱和伴奏音乐的歌曲。这种盒式卡带专门有为之相配套使用的音声多重的录音机，可以使初学者不但能很好地模仿原唱的技法，还可以欣赏到原唱的水平与风采。

第二种是“卡拉OK”录像带。这种“卡拉OK”录像带是配合放像机使用的游戏带，可以放出音乐伴奏和与之相吻合的画面及变色字幕，以便随时提示演唱者歌词。

第三种是“卡拉OK”镭射唱片（简称CD）。它是通过激光及电子技术的精密组合制成的一种超高保真数字立体声伴奏唱片，其立体声效果比录音带更好。

第四种为“卡拉OK”镭射影碟（简称LD），这是一种利用激光技术和电子技术制作的声像组合“卡拉 OK”伴奏软件，它的超高保真音响和高清晰度画面，创造了一个声像相谐的整体。它的音乐和画面是将磁信号转为光信号，不但能保持原有的清晰度，而且几乎是永不磨损，永不衰减。

以上四种伴奏带形式，只要有与之相配套的录音机和音响、电视机便可使用。在购置这些设备时，最好能向音响专家咨询，以避免出差错。

4.演唱时的定调

一般来说任何歌曲的演唱，都应按曲谱上规定的调唱，因为一首歌曲的情绪与音调的高低有直接关系，作曲家们定的调，也正是演唱者最能发挥声音的高度。若随便降调或升调，都会影响歌曲的表现。但，初学歌唱或未经声乐训练的演唱者，往往调高了上不去。遇到这种情况可以降半个调或一个调。比如⟪千万次地问⟫，原调是BA调,若担心后面的高音上不去,可以降低半个或一个调,即唱G或BG调,以保证后面的高音唱好。

歌唱的改调，可以在“卡拉OK”设备中的变调控制系统中进行。一般来讲，“卡拉OK”视盘上都没有注明某一首歌曲的调，演唱者每演唱一首歌曲之前，都应提前试调，找到歌曲中的最高音，并进行试唱。若高了可降调，若低了可升调。这种可以升、降调的设备，叫做单机变调器。这种单机变调器，只要串接到音源输出和扬声器之间，便可以把录音带、录像带、镭射唱盘及镭射影碟的伴奏音乐任意转换调，并且能保持原有歌曲的速度

In essence, when you begin to blog, you're publishing your own work. You're making a statement to an enormous audience that will shine a spotlight on your company and your credibility as an expert. With so much at stake, building a weblog into your marketing arsenal can seem intimidating.

To help lessen the anxiety you might feel about blogging, we went out to three experts in the field to uncover the top 10 things you should know before you blog. These tips should help better prepare you for writing and maintaining a weblog for your business.

1. A weblog is a two-way conversation, not a top-down communication medium.
   As a boss, you're in a natural leadership role -- generally, you talk and people associated with your company listen. When you're blogging, the dynamic is different. Your audience is infinitely larger, and the conversation you start will take on a life of its own. "You need to ask yourself, 'Am I willing to engage people without controlling the conversation in a top-down kind of way?'" says Paul Chaney, president of Radiant Marketing Group, a business blog consulting firm. Readers will build on your thoughts, and, gasp, may even criticize them. You need to be able to accept feedback in stride. Besides, a little criticism might lead to a topic you might want to discuss in a future posting. Even better, it could lead to such tangible outcomes as better solutions, products, and strategies for your business.

 

2. It takes time to blog, maybe more than you're willing to devote.
   Consistency and frequency are the keys to building an audience on the Web. If you're using a weblog to build brand recognition or establish yourself as an expert, you need to be sure that you're blogging frequently. "I advise business owners to blog at least twice a week," says Anita Campbell, a former CEO and editor of the daily blog Small Business Trends. "If you don't do it at least twice a week, the blog can quickly look stale," she adds. This is not to say you have to sit down to write 500-word posts two or three times a week. "Better a couple of sentences three times a week than one blog a week," suggests Weil.

 

3. Find out what others are saying about you and your business.
   Get a head start on your weblog by first discovering what others, maybe even competitors, are saying about your industry, your business, even you. "Get the pulse of what is being said to determine whether you can speak to that particular issue or put forth a message that can set you apart," suggest Chaney. "If you're in a competitive space where other companies are blogging, you can monitor that and then come up with a strategy that's more intelligent than just throwing stuff out there," he adds. Chaney suggests using blogpulse to search the most up-to-date listings of weblog postings about your company and industry.

 

4. Yes, you do need to be able to write.
   But you don't have to be Ernest Hemingway. "If you can write a coherent e-mail, you can write a blog entry," Weil says. Pay attention to proper grammar -- you don't want to sound illiterate, and try to have fun with it. "The writing style should be informal, as if you're speaking to someone in an e-mail," Weil suggests. And if you don't feel like you have a distinctive voice, just give it some time. It will emerge eventually.

 

5. Practice can make perfect. Or, at least make you more comfortable with blogging.
   Some owners might shudder at the thought of writing so publicly. But it doesn't have to be "show time" right out of the gate. You can experiment before you go public. Put comments on others' weblogs or do a weblog behind the scenes. "Open up a Typepad account, use it for free, and don't make it public," suggests Weil. Keep it private for a while or put it behind a firewall. "Get at least ten entries in there and have colleagues comment on them," she adds. Feedback from people you trust can help build your confidence. Likewise, the exercise could reveal you just don't like doing it. Better to learn this now rather than after you've made your blog intentions public.

 

6. Some topics are verboten.
   Remember, you're blogging for your business, so stay away from anything that could throw prospective and current customers into a tirade. Campbell generally advises against blogging about the following topics: sex, race/ethnic bias, religion, politics, and too much patriotism. The patriotism one is especially sensitive because of the global nature of the Internet, according to Campbell. "Anyone can come to your website from any country," reminds Campbell. "While you can be patriotic, you don't want to do it at the expense of someone else's nationality."

 

7. Be sure to know your keywords.
   Blogs can help customers find your business when they are searching on Google or other sites. Therefore, it's important to know: What words do customers most often use to find you via the search engines? What words show up in competitor or industry blogs on a regular basis that help place them high in Google's index? Knowing which words to drop into your posts on a regular basis will help boost your search rankings. "Small businesses get more search engine benefit from blogs than larger businesses," Campbell says. After all, your marketing budget probably is a fraction of what GE will spend this year. Writing frequently and dropping keywords into your posts to help boost your search standings can go a long way for a business owner on a tight marketing budget. But don't overdo it. Readers will see right through any obvious attempts at self-promotion.

 

8. It will take longer than you think to build awareness -- and a following.
   Don't expect your weblog to be an instant hit. Traffic to it and building a following will take a while to develop. "You will find you need to give at least a three- to six-month commitment, updating routinely [to get noticed]," Chaney says. And Weil suggests at least one year. Whether its three months or a year, you need to be committed for the long haul, regardless of feedback, or lack thereof, from readers. "You're not going to be found after a couple of weeks," says Weil. It will take at least several months before the major search engines and other bloggers and websites find you.

 

9. Know your confidentiality limits. "Don't write anything you don't want your competition to know about," Campbell says. When you're blogging, it's easy to get caught in the moment and share your coolest ideas and best strategies. But you need to think of your weblog as any other writing communication you do for your business. Before you write, ask yourself whether your topic will compromise your position in the market, or compromise your position as leader of your company. If an employee or competitor shouldn't hear it, then it shouldn't be in your weblog.

 

10. Know why you're blogging.
    Sounds like common sense, but stating why you've decided to start a weblog can quickly put into perspective what you expect to get from it. "You shouldn't be doing it just because it's the latest trend," Chaney says. You need to determine how the weblog will serve your organization: Will its primary purpose be to build brand awareness? Do you want to establish yourself as an expert in a field to better highlight your company's expertise? Will it be used to simply alert people to company news and information? Are you more interested in using it as an internal vehicle for updating employees? Knowing what you're setting out to do with your weblog will help define what you'll write about -- and keep you focused on your primary effort.

Once you know the ropes, blogging is easy -- and fun. It's an opportunity for you to establish meaningful conversations with potential and existing customers. And it offers you a instant platform to share your knowledge and expertise with the world at large.